實用英語寫作--主題句的製約點(ppt 63頁)

實用英語寫作--主題句的製約點內容提要：
How to make the controlling ideas in the sentence
主題句由兩部分組成，即主題(topic)和製約點/中心思想（controlling idea）。中心思想的作用是導向(control)和製約(limit)。我們前麵談到的關鍵詞就反映了中心思想。所謂導向就是規定段落的發展脈絡，所謂製約就是限製主題的覆蓋範圍，兩者不可分割。沒有導向，內容就會離題或偏題；沒有製約，內容就可能超出一個段落所能容納的範圍。因此，緊緊把握主題句中controlling idea的導向和製約作用，是短文寫作成功關鍵之一。
How to make the controlling idea in the sentence …?
You’d better find a point not a line to focus on.
For example :　
My mother has passed along to me rules for getting along with others.
Revised sentences:
1. My mother has passed along to me certain rules for getting along with others .
2. My mother has passed along to me several rules for getting along with others.
　My mother has passed along to me certain rules for getting along with others. Don't argue with parents; they will think you don't love them. Don't argue with children; they will think themselves victimized. Don't argue with spouses; they will think you are a tiresome mate. Don't argue with strangers; they will think you are not friendly. My mother's rules, in fact, can be summed up in two words: Don't argue.
主題句中提出的 “certain rules” 指的是什麼？展開句中通過四個 “Don‘t argue --” 逐一加以交代。
從結構來看，這是一個比較典型的段落，它包括了主題句，推展句和結論句（即本段中的末句）。
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