現代零售管理知識概述（英文版）(ppt 31頁)

現代零售管理知識概述（英文版）內容提要：
Retailing encompasses the business activities involved in selling goods and services to consumers for their personal, family, or household use. It includes every sale to the final consumer.
Retailing is the last stage in the distribution process.
The Philosophy
Retailers can best address these questions by fully understanding and applying the basic principles of retailing, as well as the elements in a well-structured, systematic, and focused retail strategy.
Distribution Types：
Exclusive(獨家分銷): suppliers make agreements with one or few retailers that designate the latter as the only ones in a specified geographic area to carry certain brands or products
Intensive(密集分銷): suppliers sell through as many retailers as possible
Selective(選擇性分銷): suppliers sell through a moderate number of retailers.
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