Perception（英文版）(ppt 15頁)

Perception（英文版）內容提要：
Definition and importance
A process by which individuals organize and interpret their sensory impressions in order to give meaning to their environment
What one perceives can be substantially different from objective reality, People’s behavior is based on their perception of what reality is,not reality itself.
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Shortcuts in judging others
Make accurate perception rapidly,risk
Selective perception:people selectively interpret what they see based on their interests,background, experience,and attitudes. Study take the stimuli in bits and piece,risk
Halo effect:Drawing a general impression about an individual based on a single characteristic. ---traits are ambiguous in behavioral,moral overtone,limited experience
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Applications in Organizations
Performance evaluation: Objective measure; subjective appraisal,perception
Employee effort:Usually an individual’s future is not dependent on performance alone, sometimes the lever of effort is given high importance. Subjective judgement.
Employee loyalty or commitment: openly disparaging,looking for outside opportunities, whistle-blowers.

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