珠寶行業Organization structure（英文版）(ppt 32頁)

珠寶行業Organization structure（英文版）目錄：
1 Definition
2 Common Organizational design
3 New Design Options
4 Why do structures differ?
5 Organization designs & Employee behavior

珠寶行業Organization structure（英文版）內容提要：
Departmentalization
The basis by which jobs are grouped together
Group by function--Deepen specialized knowledge, Achieve efficiencies though specialization; High-cost integration, Slowly responsive
product Cluster --Multidivisional Sys.
Organized around Geography(territory)--scrattered
process departmentalization
Customer departmentalization
……

Chain of command
The unbroken line of authority that extends from the top of the organization to the lowest eschelon &clarifies who reports to whom
authority:the right inherent in managerial position to give orders & expect the orders to be obeyed
unity of command:a subordinate should have only 1 superior to whom he(she) is directly responsible
conflicting demands or priorities from superiors
less relevance today because of -- & empowering
……

Span of Control
The number of subordinates a manager can efficiently & effectively directed
organizational level (levels of management)
strength of small spans:maintain close control;
drawback: expensive for adding --;complex vertical communication, slow down D-M,isolate upper --;overly tight supervision discourage -- autonomy
recent efforts to reduce cost,cut overhead,speed up D-M,get closer to customer,empower employees.

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