物流管理專業外語知識(ppt 34頁)

物流管理專業外語知識內容提要：
It is necessary to point out that as transportation efficiency increases, it has a direct and positive effect on the individual's ability of survival, even under very primitive conditions. It is also worthwhile to point out that people in our modern society seek much more than mere survival. They strive for a better standard of living and life-style with less time and efforts. Specialization is one means to achieve the goal.
必須指出，隨著其效率的增加，交通運輸對於人的生存能力，甚至在非常原始條件下的生存能力，有著直接的、積極的影響。此外還值得指出，在我們現代社會的人們尋求的遠不僅僅是生存。他們努力用較少的時間和精力得到更好的生活水平和生活方式。
Specialization is defined as allowing human or physical resources to perform the tasks for which they are best suited. For example, if a person is particularly adept at farming, then the society should allow him to farm. If a certain geographic region is suitable for growing wheat, then the society should grow it in that area. Specification can bring many benefits. The overall efficiency of society is improved because fewer resources are employed to produce the desired output. The result is that less effort is expended to produce a particular product. Thus, specialization is a desired goal for society because it increases efficiency and directly improves our standard of living.
專業化定義為使人們或物質資源去完成其最適合的作業（任務）。例如，如果一個人特別熟練耕作，那麼社會應當讓他去從事耕作。如果某個地方適宜種植小麥，那麼社會應當在那裏耕作小麥。專業化能帶來許多好處。因為達到輸出量的希望值隻需用到較少的資源，從而整個社會總的效率得以提高。結果就是生產某一特定產品是需較（以前）少的花費（付出）。因此，專業化是社會發展的目標，因為它提高了效率和直接改善了我們的生活標準。

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